Aaj kal kheti (farming) me sabse badi samasya hai high input cost. Kisaano ko har saal mehenga beej, chemical fertilizers (urea, DAP), aur poisonous pesticides khareedne ke liye hazaron rupaye kharch karne padte hain. Is vajah se kisaan karz me doob jate hain aur mitti ki urvara shakti (soil fertility) bhi kharab ho jati hai.
Is badi samasya ka sabse saral aur permanent solution hai Zero Budget Natural Farming (ZBNF). ZBNF ek aisa tarika hai jisme bina kisi bahari chemical aur kam se kam kharche me natural kheti ki jati hai. Yahan hum aapko ZBNF ki poori jankari detail me denge taaki aap bhi apni kheti ko munafebaksh bana sakein. Aise hi aage bhi kheti-kisani ke naye tarike samajhne ke liye hamare Agriculture Tips Category ko zaroor check karein.
🔔 Don't miss our latest updates!
Tap the bell icon at the top of this channel to turn on notifications.
1. Zero Budget Natural Farming (ZBNF) Kya Hai?
Zero Budget Natural Farming (ZBNF) ka matlab hai aisi kheti jisme fasal ugane ke liye kisi bhi prakar ka market-based input (jaise synthetic chemical, DAP, Urea, ya chemical insecticides) khareedna nahi padta. Subhash Palekar dwara viksit ki gayi is paddhati me kheti ka kharcha lagbhag Zero hota hai.
Is technique ka mukhya uddeshya mitti me maujood micro-organisms (sookshma jeev) aur kenchuo (earthworms) ko dobara active karna hai. Jab mitti me organic carbon badhta hai, toh paudhe khud-ba-khud hawa, pani aur zameen se zaruri nutrients lene me saksham ho jate hain. Iske vishay me adhik jankari ke liye aap FAO Organic Agriculture Overview par bhi padh sakte hain.
2. ZBNF Swatantra Kheti Ka Tarika Kyun Hai?
Traditional chemical farming me kisaan puri tarah market par nirbhar ho chuka hai. Lekin ZBNF kisaan ko aatmanirbhar banata hai kyunki:
- Swayam Ke Banaye Inputs: Khaad aur dawa kisaan apne ghar par hi desi cow ke gobar aur gaumutra se taiyar karta hai.
- Mitti Ki Suraksha: Chemical se zameen banjar nahi hoti, balki mitti ki sarandhrata (porosity) aur moisture holding capacity badhti hai.
- Kam Lagat, Adhik Munafa: Market se kuch na khareedne ke karan utpadan lagat (production cost) zero ho jati hai, jisse munafa seedhe kisaan ke pocket me jata hai. Agar aap organic tarike se kheti karna chahte hain, toh hamare Organic Farming Guide ko zaroor padhein.
3. ZBNF Ke 4 Mukhya Pillars (Core Components)
Zero Budget Natural Farming char mukhya pillars par tiki hui hai. In charon ka sahi istemal hi is paddhati ki safalta ki kunji hai:
1. Jeevamrit (जीवामृत)
Jeevamrit ek prakritik culture hai jo mitti me micro-organisms ki sankhya ko karodon me badha deta hai. Ye mitti me pehle se maujood nutrients ko paudhon ke lene yogya roop me convert karta hai.
2. Beejamrit (बीजामृत)
Beejamrit se beejon (seeds) ko boai se pehle treat kiya jata hai. Ye beej ko fungus aur mitti me maujood bimariyon se bachata hai aur germination rate ko 90% tak badha deta hai.
3. Mulching (आच्छादन)
Mulching ka arth hai mitti ki satah ko sookhe patton, pual (straw), ya fasal ke avsheshon se dhakna. Isse soil moisture retain rehta hai, kharpatwar (weeds) nahi ugte, aur micro-climate maintain rehta hai jisse kenchuye tezi se kaam karte hain.
4. Waaphasa (वाफसा)
Waaphasa vo sthiti hai jab mitti me air (hawa) aur water vapor (pani ki baashp) ka 50-50% balance hota hai. Natural farming me paudhon ki jadon ko direct pani nahi balki Waaphasa condition ki zarurat hoti hai. Is baare me adhik jankari ke liye NITI Aayog Natural Farming Guidelines ko refer kar sakte hain.
4. Jeevamrit Aur Beejamrit Banane Ki Vidhi Aur Samagri
Kisaan apne ghar par hi bahut hi aasan tarike se Jeevamrit aur Beejamrit taiyar kar sakte hain:
Jeevamrit Banane Ki Samagri (200 Liter Drum Ke Liye)
- Desi cow ka gobar: 10 kg
- Desi cow ka gaumutra: 5 se 10 liter
- Gud (Jaggery): 2 kg
- Besan (Gram flour): 2 kg
- Sajeev mitti (Mend ya ped ke niche ki mitti): 1 handful (mutthi bhar)
- Pani: 200 liter
Vidhi: Sabhi samagri ko 200 liter pani me milakar achhi tarah ghol lein. Is ghol ko 48 se 72 ghante tak chhanv me rakhein aur din me do baar lathhi (stick) se ghumayein. Aapka Jeevamrit taiyar hai. Aise hi organic compost ke vishay me janne ke liye padhein Desi Khad Kaise Banaye.
Beejamrit Banane Ki Vidhi
Desi cow ke gobar, gaumutra, chuna (lime), aur mitti ko pani me milakar ek ghol taiyar kiya jata hai. Beejon ko is ghol me halka milakar chhanv me sukhaya jata hai aur fir boai ki jati hai.
5. ZBNF Kheti Karne Ke Mukhya Fayde (Benefits)
Zero Budget Natural Farming apnane se kisaano aur paryavaran dono ko bemisal fayde milte hain:
- Production Cost Zero: Beej, khad, aur insecticides ka kharcha khatam ho jata hai.
- Pani Ki Bachat: Mulching aur Waaphasa ke karan 50-60% kam pani ki zarurat padti hai.
- Pesticide Free Food: Fasal chemical-free hoti hai, jisse logon ki health achhi rehti hai. Is baare me vistar se janne ke liye padhein Pesticide Free Vegetable Farming.
- Soil Health Recovery: Banjar zameen bhi 2-3 saal me dobara fertile aur upjao ban jati hai.
- High Market Demand: Aajkal natural aur organic crops ki market me bohot demand hai, jisse kisaan apni fasal ache daam par bech sakte hain. Business mindset se kheti karne ke liye hamara Business Ideas Category zaroor explore karein.
Agar aap kam pani wale elaqon me kheti kar rahe hain, toh ZBNF ke saath Drip Irrigation System ka use karke apne paudhon ko sahi matra me pani de sakte hain.
6. ZBNF Shuru Karne Me Aane Wali Chunautiyan Aur Solution
ZBNF apnate samay shuruaat me kisaano ko kuch challenges ka samna karna pad sakta hai:
- Initial Yield Drop: Agar zameen me pehle se bohot zyada chemical dala gaya hai, toh pehle saal me utpadan me thodi kami aa sakti hai.Solution: Intercropping (sah-fasali) apnaein aur mitti me Jeevamrit ki matra badhaein.
- Labor Intensity: Organic liquid (Jeevamrit) banane aur chhidkav me thodi mehnat lagti hai.Solution: Local farmer groups (FPOs) banakar kaam karein.
- Knowledge Gap: Sahi tarika na janne se natije aane me time lagta hai. Is vishay par zyada research ke liye aap ICAR Natural Farming Research dwara jari guidelines padh sakte hain. Agar aap vermicompost me bhi interest rakhte hain toh Vermicompost Business Guide zaroor padhein.
7. Zero Budget Natural Farming Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)
Q1. Zero Budget Natural Farming aur Organic Farming me kya antar hai?
Ans: Organic farming me market se khareede gaye organic fertilizers (jaise vermicompost ya neem cake) ka istemal hota hai jisse kharcha badhta hai. Jabki ZBNF me bina market se kuch khareede, ghar par desi cow ke gobar aur gaumutra se hi sabhi inputs taiyar kiye jate hain.
Q2. Kya ZBNF me sach me zero kharcha hota hai?
Ans: Haan, “Zero Budget” ka matlab hai ki aapko beej, khad aur insecticide par koi bahari paisa kharch nahi karna padta. Kheti ke liye zaruri sabhi samagri farm par hi taiyar hoti hai.
Q3. Jeevamrit ko kitne din tak store karke rakha ja sakta hai?
Ans: Jeevamrit ko banane ke 7 se 10 din ke andar khet me istemal kar lena chahiye. Iske baad isme maujood beneficial bacteria ki sankhya kam hone lagti hai.
Q4. Kya ZBNF ke liye Desi Cow hi zaruri hai?
Ans: Haan, ZBNF me Desi Cow (Indian Breed) ke gobar aur gaumutra ko prathmikta di jati hai kyunki isme beneficial micro-organisms aur enzymes ki matra bideshi (HF/Jersey) gayo ki tulna me kahin zyada hoti hai.
Q5. Ek acre khet ke liye kitna Jeevamrit lagta hai?
Ans: Ek acre zameen ke liye lagbhag 200 liter Jeevamrit ki zarurat hoti hai. Ise aap paani ke saath irrigation me ya spray ke roop me de sakte hain.
Q6. Kya ZBNF se pehle hi saal me achha utpadan milta hai?
Ans: Agar aapki zameen me pehle bohot chemical dala gaya hai, toh shuru ke 1 saal utpadan me thodi kami ho sakti hai. Lekin 2-3 saal me mitti ki shakti wapas aane par utpadan chemical farming se bhi behter ho jata hai.
Q7. Beejamrit ka use kyon kiya jata hai?
Ans: Beejamrit ka upyog beejon ko treat karne ke liye kiya jata hai taaki beej me fungus na lage, bimariyan na failein aur germination tezi se ho.
Q8. Waaphasa condition kya hoti hai?
Ans: Waaphasa zameen ki vo sthiti hai jahan mitti ke kanon ke beech pani aur hawa ka 50-50% balance hota hai. Natural farming me paudhe pani se nahi balki Waaphasa se micro-nutrients lete hain.
Q9. Kya ZBNF me keede (pests) ko niyantrit kiya ja sakta hai?
Ans: Haan, ZBNF me keedo ko niyantrit karne ke liye Neemasthra, Agniasthra, aur Brahmasthra jaise prakritik ghol banaye jate hain jo neem, lehsun, aur mirch se taiyar hote hain.
Q10. Kya ZBNF crops ko market me mehenge daam par becha ja sakta hai?
Ans: Haan, aajkal chemical-free aur natural food products ki demand city markets aur export me bohot zyada hai. Aap certification lekar ise normal crops se 20-50% adhik price par bech sakte hain.
